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Work types
- Die Urheberrechtsgesetz definiert verschiedene Werksarten, darunter linguistische, musikalische und künstlerische Werke.
- Neue, weniger bekannte Werksarten umfassen digitale, performative und hybride Werke, wie z.B. Webseiten und Performancekunst.
- Drei Kriterien zur Urheberrechts-Schutz: persönliche, intellektuelle Aktivität und ein ausreichendes Maß der Schöpfung.
- Digitale Technologien erweitern das Verständnis von Werksarten, was ständige Anpassungen der Rechtsprechung erforderlich macht.
Definition and legal basis
Types of work are defined in Section 2 (1) of the Copyright Act (UrhG) and include various categories of intellectual creations. The law lists the following non-exhaustive examples of types of works: – Linguistic works (written works, speeches, computer programs)
– Musical works
– Pantomime works and works of dance
– Works of fine art
– Photographic works
– Film works
– Representations of a scientific or technical nature
Lesser known and new types of work
In addition to the classic types of work, there are other, less well-known categories: Digital types of work
– Websites and web design
– Digital artworks
– Interactive media art
– Algorithms and AI-generated works Performative types of work
– Performance art
– Happenings
– Installation art
– Sound art and experimental forms of music Hybrid types of work
– Transmedia projects
– Augmented reality artworks
– Interdisciplinary art projects
– Biotechnological artworks
Requirements for copyright protection
Three central criteria must be met for the protection of a type of work: 1. Personal activity: Only works created by human beings are eligible for protection
2. Intellectual activity: The work must have intellectual content and an individual design
3. Level of creation: The work must stand out from everyday designs due to its originality
Specific work types in detail
Works of language include literary texts, scientific treatises, speeches and computer programs. Works of music include compositions and musical arrangements. Film works are created through image sequences and are often composed of different types of works.
Digital challenges
Digital technologies are expanding traditional work type concepts. Websites, AI-generated content and new forms of media are challenging the traditional definition of work types. Jurisprudence must continuously develop interpretative approaches.
