A change of control clause is a contractual provision that specifies the legal consequences in the event of a significant change in ownership or control of a company. This clause is often found in various types of contracts, in particular in company purchase agreements, loan agreements, joint venture agreements and important supply contracts.

The main purpose of a change of control clause is to offer the contracting parties protection and options for action in the event that the ownership structure of the other company changes. This is particularly relevant if the identity of the contractual partner is of material importance to the business relationship.

Typical triggers for a change of control clause are:

1. the sale of a majority interest in the company
2. the merger with another company
3. the sale of significant assets of the company
4. a change in the composition of the Management Board or management

The legal consequences of a triggered change of control clause can vary and often include:

1. the right to extraordinary termination of the contract
2. the obligation to renegotiate certain contractual conditions
3. automatic termination of the contract
4. the obligation to pay a contractual penalty or compensation

When drafting a change of control clause, several legal aspects must be taken into account:

1. precise definition of the change of control event: it must be clearly defined which changes in the corporate structure trigger the clause.

2. proportionality: the legal consequences should be proportionate to the need for protection of the contractual partner.

3. antitrust aspects: In certain cases, change-of-control clauses may raise antitrust issues, particularly if they have restrictive effects on competition.

4. information obligations: It should be regulated how and within what period the contractual partner is to be informed of a change of control event.

5. legal consequences: The consequences of a change of control event must be clearly and unambiguously formulated.

Change of control clauses are particularly relevant for companies in the IT and media sectors, as company takeovers and mergers often take place in these dynamic industries. In addition, the identity of the contractual partner can be of crucial importance, particularly in the development and hosting of software or the processing of sensitive data.

When negotiating and drafting change of control clauses, companies should carefully balance the protection of their own interests with the flexibility they wish to grant their business partners. A clause that is too restrictive can deter potential business partners, while one that is too lax can expose the company to unwanted risks.

In practice, it is advisable to tailor change of control clauses to the specific business relationship and the needs of the parties involved. Both the current circumstances and possible future developments should be taken into account.