Is an 8 year old allowed to be an Esport player?

Esports team “Team 33” recently announced that it has added one of the youngest eSports players in the world, Joseph Deen (known in the gaming community as 33 Gosu), to its roster. As part of the signing, Joseph received a world-class gaming setup worth over $5000 and a signing bonus of $33,000.

Key Facts

Team 33 has signed the young esports player Joseph Deen, known as 33 Gosu.
Joseph Deen received a gaming setup worth over $5000 and a signing bonus of $33,000.
He is one of the youngest players ever to sign with a professional esports team.
In Germany, such contracts for minors are problematic due to the Youth Employment Protection Act.
Minors require the consent of their legal representatives for employment contracts.
The Youth Employment Protection Act regulates working hours and conditions for young people.
Employment is not permitted at night from 8 p.m. to 6 a.m.

This makes Deen one of the youngest players to ever sign with a professional esports team, and he has been training with Team 33 since he was 6 years old.

Unlike here in the U.S., such a contract would hardly be conceivable in Germany.

To conclude an employment contract, a minor in Germany requires the consent of his or her legal representative, which is usually both parents. According to § 5 para. 1 Youth Employment Protection Act, no employment contract may be concluded with children under the age of 15. Exceptions to the prohibition of § 5 para. 1 Youth Employment Protection Act are in § 5 para. 2, § 5 par. 3, § 5 par. 4 as well as § 5 para. 5 Youth Employment Protection Act. At the latest for young people under the age of 13, and even more so during the typical Esport hours between 6 p.m. and 8 a.m., this means that nothing is actually possible. And for good reason in my opinion.

Even between the ages of 15 and 18, employment contracts with esports teams lead to some legal drafting challenges. In this case, the consent of the legal representatives is required. It is true that an authorization of the parents can be form-free It is therefore also possible that the minor’s behavior is tacitly tolerated. However, this carries risks for the employer. The same applies to “marketing contracts”, which are usually not purely legally advantageous for the young person and are therefore also subject to parental consent.

If consent or authorization has been given, the minor has unlimited legal capacity for all legal transactions relating to the employment relationship (e.g. receipt of remuneration, change of working conditions, termination of the contractual relationship). Nevertheless, the Youth Employment Protection Act must always be observed here, which regulates above all the times and amount of work as well as the manner. Employment is not permitted between 8 p.m. and 6 a.m., nor is it permitted on Saturdays and Sundays or on public holidays.

Author: Marian Härtel

Marian Härtel ist Rechtsanwalt und Fachanwalt für IT-Recht mit einer über 25-jährigen Erfahrung als Unternehmer und Berater in den Bereichen Games, E-Sport, Blockchain, SaaS und Künstliche Intelligenz. Seine Beratungsschwerpunkte umfassen neben dem IT-Recht insbesondere das Urheberrecht, Medienrecht sowie Wettbewerbsrecht. Er betreut schwerpunktmäßig Start-ups, Agenturen und Influencer, die er in strategischen Fragen, komplexen Vertragsangelegenheiten sowie bei Investitionsprojekten begleitet. Dabei zeichnet sich seine Beratung durch einen interdisziplinären Ansatz aus, der juristische Expertise und langjährige unternehmerische Erfahrung miteinander verbindet. Ziel seiner Tätigkeit ist stets, Mandanten praxisorientierte Lösungen anzubieten und rechtlich fundierte Unterstützung bei der Umsetzung innovativer Geschäftsmodelle zu gewährleisten.